pwnable.kr(5) - passcode

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## Problem
Points: 10 pt

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Mommy told me to make a passcode based login system.
My initial C code was compiled without any error!
Well, there was some compiler warning, but who cares about that?

ssh [email protected] -p2222 (pw:guest)
Link

Thinking

Code

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void login(){
        int passcode1;
        int passcode2;

        printf("enter passcode1 : ");
        scanf("%d", passcode1);
        fflush(stdin);

        // ha! mommy told me that 32bit is vulnerable to bruteforcing :)
        printf("enter passcode2 : ");
        scanf("%d", passcode2);

        printf("checking...\n");
        if(passcode1==338150 && passcode2==13371337){
                printf("Login OK!\n");
                system("/bin/cat flag");
        }
        else{
                printf("Login Failed!\n");
                exit(0);
        }
}

void welcome(){
        char name[100];
        printf("enter you name : ");
        scanf("%100s", name);
        printf("Welcome %s!\n", name);
}

int main(){
        printf("Toddler's Secure Login System 1.0 beta.\n");

        welcome();
        login();

        // something after login...
        printf("Now I can safely trust you that you have credential :)\n");
        return 0;
}

Solution

main當中只有兩個function, L27welcome看起來很正常，scanf有指定字元長度100，沒有辦法做bof。
接著看L4login，其中L9跟L14的scanf都沒有&取址符號，所以會直接取用這兩個沒有初始化的變數內容來當作地址輸入。

在沒辦法正確輸入數值到passcode1跟passcode2的狀況之下，理所當然會得到一個Address boundary error，所以連試都不用試了。
所以我們需要找出方法，把passcode1的內容設定成一個合法的地址。
幾個輸入點只有welcome的L30，login的L9,L14。 雖然welcome的scanf有指定字元長度， 但是還是用gdb看一下能不能蓋內容過去。

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Breakpoint 1, 0x08048668 in main ()
gdb-peda$ x $ebp
0xffcc3728:     0x00000000
gdb-peda$

Prepare

C scanf

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#include <stdio.h>
int scanf(const char *format, ...);
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If success, return the number of items of argument list successfully filled.
if a reading error happens or the EOF is reached while reading, 
the proper indicator is set.

正常來講, scanf的常見格式應該為scanf("%s", &var);。
若scanf沒有取址符號&，則直接將var的值作為地址寫入。
所以平常情況下，沒有加上取址符號會造成Address boundary error

Reference