pwnable.kr(3) - bof

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## Problem
Points: 5 pt

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Nana told me that buffer overflow is one of the most common software vulnerability. 
Is that true?

Download : http://pwnable.kr/bin/bof
Download : http://pwnable.kr/bin/bof.c

Running at : nc pwnable.kr 9000
Link

Code

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void func(int key){
        char overflowme[32];
        printf("overflow me : ");
        gets(overflowme);       // smash me!
        if(key == 0xcafebabe){
                system("/bin/sh");
        }
        else{
                printf("Nah..\n");
        }
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[]){
        func(0xdeadbeef);
        return 0;
}

Thinking

Prepare

Register

Register Name 16bit 32bit 64bit
Instruction Pointer IP EIP RIP
Source Pointer SP ESP RSP
Base Pointer BP EBP RBP

IP / EIP / RIP
紀錄跳出迴圈後下一個指令地址的暫存器。

BP / EBP / RBP
紀錄Stack底部地址的暫存器。 在function call之後，由SP傳遞進BP。

SP / ESP / RSP
紀錄Stack頂部地址的暫存器。 在function call之後，紀錄著Stack頂部地址。

C gets

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#include <stdio.h>
char *gets(char *str);
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On success, the function returns str.
If the end-of-file is encountered while attempting to read a character, the eof indicator is set (feof).
If this happens before any characters could be read, the pointer returned is a null pointer (and the contents of str remain unchanged).
If a read error occurs, the error indicator (ferror) is set and a null pointer is also returned (but the contents pointed by str may have changed).

Solution

L15func的傳入參數是0xdeadbeef而且是hardcode。
我們可以先從gdb找到0xdeadbeef來定位出整個func在stack的起始位址。
在開始find之前，記得下中斷點在func上, 並且將整個程式執行到中斷處才去做find。 

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gdb-peda$ b main
Breakpoint 1 at 0x68d
gdb-peda$ b func
Breakpoint 2 at 0x632
gdb-peda$ info b
Num     Type           Disp Enb Address    What
1       breakpoint     keep y   0x0000068d <main+3>
2       breakpoint     keep y   0x00000632 <func+6>

Breakpoint 2, 0x56555632 in func ()
gdb-peda$ find 0xdeadbeef
Searching for '0xdeadbeef' in: None ranges
Found 3 results, display max 3 items:
    bof : 0x56555696 (<main+12>:        out    dx,eax)
    bof : 0x56556696 --> 0xdeadbeef 
[stack] : 0xffffced0 --> 0xdeadbeef 
gdb-peda$
在[stack]中，0xffffced0就是func的開頭位址， 後面並且依次堆疊上去。

Reference

Assembly - Registers Cplusplus - gets